Preventing Brachial Plexus Injuries
It is often stated that brachial plexus injuries cannot be prevented but can instead be intervened. Intervention methods such as completing daily range of motion exercises to prevent joint stiffness and avoiding environments in which one can potentially sustain burns due to loss of sensation are very important. However, birth related brachial plexus injuries can be prevented.
Proper Positioning for Birth
When brachial plexus injuries are sustained at birth, this is usually due to shoulder dystocia in which one or both of the baby’s shoulders get stuck. The shoulder(s) must be dislodged and this may result in the stretching, compression, rupture, or avulsion if the brachial plexus nerves.
One of the most crucial elements in preventing obstetrical brachial plexus injuries is proper birthing positioning. Traditional positioning can be risky because it closes up the birthing canal, therefore it is important to get the mother off her back if possible. By making simple changes, such as rolling over to one’s side, a safer passage is ensured for the baby. Position such as squatting, hands and knees, left side-lying, upright, etc. can be incredibly helpful in reducing risk as one is working with gravity instead of against it. In addition, they allow for better progression of labor, reduced pain, better blood and oxygen supply to the baby, and allowing the baby to descend in an optimal position.
Fact Source: Mayo Clinic & United Brachial Plexus Network